The Ultimate Enzymes

Jonathon Hardcastle asked:


Catalysts and enzymes play an essential role in the functioning of our bodies and the world around us. They effect every chemical reaction which occurs throughout our body, and are essential for life as we know it. But what do we really know about catalysts and enzymes, and how exactly do they work?

Enzymes are proteins which have specific chemical functions. This means they are involved in working towards achieving some purpose within the body. The enzymes attach to their specific chemical counterparts and carry out their specific function as designed. Enzymes are essential in the function of our body, including digestion and chemical production in the liver and kidneys.

Enzymes are ultimately comprised of strings of amino acids, which means they are subject to the same conditions as any proteins. This gives them an optimum temperature, and means that excessive temperature can in fact damage their mechanism beyond repair. Enzymes can also be found at use commercially, in a number of various manufacturing processes and consumer products. One notable example is biological washing powder, which contains enzymes charged with removing tough stains from clothing. Twinned with enzymes are their essential partners, catalysts.

Catalysts effectively twin with enzymes to speed up chemical reactions within the body and elsewhere. Of course, catalysts are not confined to the human body, but also operate much further a-field in various aspects of nature and the world in which we live. By attaching to the enzymes, catalysts at their optimum trigger the reactions for which the enzymes are necessary. It is this dual function that makes catalysts and enzymes inseparable elements of the way of nature, and makes them a particularly effective pairing.

Although fairly basic to comprehend in essence, enzymes and catalysts are the subject of much ongoing research, as scientists work to discover more about the way in which our bodies and the world around us functions. The subject of many science projects, the lay person can only begin to scratch the surface of what is a tremendously complex and detailed area of biology and chemistry, and to comprehend exactly the mechanisms of each of these invaluable elements is to comprehend exactly the meaning and process of every chemical reaction within the body.

It is clear that as research continues, we will continue to learn more about how these amazing factors work, which will lead to more biotechnological advances for commercial and medical purposes.

mwppsweety asked:


which is a mutagen
a)ultraviolet light
b)x ray
c)a and b
d)none above

In aerobic respiration, glucose is completely
a)reduced to ATP
b)reduced to energy
c)oxidized to water
d)oxidized to carbon dioxide
e)oxidized and reduced simultaneously

Which of the following is not one of the stages of the aerobic respiration of glucose
a)glycolysis
b)formation of acetyl CoA
c)hydrolysis
d)citric acid cycle
e)election transport

in glycolysis a 6-carbon glucose molecule is converted to 2 3-carbon molecules of
a)pyruvate
b)acetate
c)coenzyme A
d)oxaloacetate
e)citrate

the ultimate source of energy for living organisms is
a)heat
b)glucose
c)carbohydrates
d)lipids
e)sun

Energy stored within the molecules of ATP is in the form of ___ energy
a)kinetic
b)heat
c)potential
d)nuclear
e)light

Enzymes are proteins that promote specific chemical reactions
T or F

An ATP molecule consists of an adenine, a ribose, and 3 phosphates
T or F

MS James asked:


 

One of the most luxurious treatments you can give yourself is a facial. A good facial will clean your skin and moisturize it. It will provide nutrients to your skin that make it look fresh and vibrant. Using a honey facial can be the best gift you can give your skin.

 

There are things called “free radicals” in our bodies. We get them when certain foods are broken down or when we are exposed to certain toxins. These free radicals attack and destroy otherwise healthy cells. This breakdown can lead to aging of the skin as well as illness or even cancer.

 

Antioxidants are a powerful defense system that destroys the free radicals. We find antioxidants in vitamins and some natural foods. Manuka honey is one of the foods that have natural antioxidant power. It is supposed to have the ability to heal your skin from the surface.

 

This potent honey comes from New Zealand, from bees that produce honey from the blooms of the Manuka bush. It is now being used in a variety of beauty treatment because it has been shown not only to prevent damage in the form of aging, but also to treat a variety of skin conditions.

 

To give your skin relief and have something ready for sunburns or outbreaks, invest in Manuka honey face gel. You can use it as an under eye cream as well as a first aid treatment!

 

Since our skin is important to us, we want to do everything we can to keep it healthy and young looking for as long as we can. This honey is an important ingredient to help you do that. Since honey is a natural ingredient, it doesn’t contain any parabens, chemicals, or harsh fragrances. It won’t irritate sensitive skin or cause allergic reactions. In fact, it will help treat reactions from other allergens.

 

Treating your skin to a facial on a regular basis helps give it that extra boost to make it look its best. If you can’t find the time to go to a salon or spa to get a professional facial, then take the time to treat yourself at home. A Manuka honey facial will give you a chemical-free, high-antioxidant, anti-bacterial treatment that will leave your face glowing. You won’t even have to spend a fortune to get great results.

 

When you purchase a facial for home use, make sure you get one that contains only real Manuka honey. This honey is the only one that has all these special, healing properties. The special enzyme that it contains makes it “active”, and that is the key to getting a truly effective product.

 

Steve P Smith asked:


Zinc is one of the many trace minerals required by the body, but the fact that it’s required in relatively small amounts should not be allowed to obscure its significance. It’s required by the body for the production of more than 200 essential enzymes, one of the most crucial of these being superoxide dismutase, a vital anti-oxidant.

The particular importance of superoxide dismutase lies in its role in mopping up the superoxide free radicals which are released upon the metabolism of oxygen within cells, literally with every breath we take. Superoxide free radicals react with other by-products of energy production to form hydroxyl, the most damaging free radical of all, and to attack the mitochondria of the cells themselves.

Since it is the mitochondria which ultimately produce the energy for all the body’s vital reactions, mitochondrial damage due to free radicals can only mean the production of less and less energy and the gradual deterioration and degeneration of the entire organism.

As well as being vital for the body’s manufacture of anti-oxidants, zinc also helps the immune system to regulate the process by which defective or worn out cells are killed off by the body before they have chance to multiply themselves and perhaps ultimately become cancerous. These functions alone would make it one of the key micronutrients which are vital to the body’s long-term health.

But there’s much more to zinc than this, because it’s now known to be necessary for the production of the white blood cells which are one of the body’s first lines of defense against infection, and for the proper functioning of the thymus gland which is heavily involved in the regulation of the immune system. So zinc is crucial not just in staving off long-term degeneration, but in fighting off acute infections.

And this well documented value as an immune system booster has given zinc great popularity as a cold and flu remedy, although the effectiveness of the many lozenges sold for this purpose once illness is established remains open to question. But the importance of a healthy immune system in preventing infection in the first place is not in doubt. And it’s here that an adequate supply of zinc is essential.

Although the typical requirement for zinc is only 15 mg a day, it is surprisingly easy to fall below this. Indeed some estimates suggest that typical dietary intakes may be as low as 9 mg for women and 13 mg for men, and even this may be poorly absorbed so some nutritionists recommend aiming for an intake of around 25 mg to ensure an adequate supply.

It also needs to be remembered that certain groups of people with depressed immune systems, such as HIV sufferers, diabetics and alcoholics may have an increased requirement for zinc. But by far the largest such group is comprised of the over 65s. And it should be realized that the consequence of a zinc deficiency may be much more serious for these older individuals, given that their immune systems are likely in any case to be less effective than those of healthy young adults.

So the conclusion appears to be straightforward: ensuring that the diet is adequate in zinc is vital to the efficiency of the immune system, and therefore to long-term health and well being. But as always with the human body, the full story isn’t quite so simple. The body functions holistically, and an excess of any one nutrient may well lead to a deficiency in another. Taking in too much iron, for example, may in itself lead to a deficiency in zinc. But in the case of an excess of zinc (defined by the US Food and Nutrition Board as more than 40 mg a day), the associated deficiency is of copper.

Deficiency in copper is rarely severe enough to produce clinical symptoms, but this should not obscure the important functions of this trace mineral. As with zinc, adequate supplies of copper are vital for the production of anti-oxidant enzymes and energy within the body’s cells. Sub-clinical deficiencies have also been implicated in cases of mild anemia and depression of the immune system.

The best way to counter these risks is, of course, to consume a diet rich in both zinc and copper. Red meat, particularly beef, and shellfish are known as good animal sources, whilst nuts and beans offer a useful source for vegetarians. Whole grains are a useful additional plant source of copper. Plant sources of zinc, however, are less well absorbed by the body than those derived from animal sources, and so this is a nutrient which may require particular attention for those following a vegetarian diet.

But given the poverty of modern Western diets in both vitamins and minerals, supplementation may in any case be necessary to ensure the health of the immune system, particularly, as discussed above, for the over 65s. Various forms of specific zinc supplement are readily available, but it is probably wiser to ensure that any supplementation of zinc is taken in a properly balanced multi-mineral formulation also containing an appropriate amount of copper.

??L0V3 M3 F0R3V3R?? asked:


*PLEASE*
I don’t want no comments like “Do your own homework” !

This is not NO homework for the 1`s that are gonna leave smart a** comments!

Okay..

1.Why are digestive enzymes in a cell enclosed in a membrane-bound organelle?

This ONE is REALLY EASY!

2.How are cells,tissues,organs,and organ systems related?

Thank you all for participating in my part 2. Ultimate Quiz!
What ever!